Krispy Kreme Doughnuts - A Strategic Analysis Assignment

Krispy Kreme Doughnuts - A Strategic Analysis - Assignment Example The third area of examination is with internal strengths. One of the primary strengths for Krispy Kreme is their brand name. The company was founded in 1937 during the Great Depression era, yet survived and proved to be an American success story. Their long history built up good brand equity and reputation over the years. Another research article pointed to the new leadership now in place at Krispy Kreme, after they weathered various accounting and management scandals. James Morgan is the new company chairman; president; and CEO. Another key strength, which is well known, is that Krispy Kreme has a good quality product. Their products are available at many gas stations, supermarkets, Wal-Mart’s, and Target Stores, among other visible locations. The fourth area of examination is with internal weaknesses. One study of the company showed where there is a limited amount of healthy food choices at Krispy Kreme. A second resource pointed how low-carb diets became in fashion just abo ut the time that the company was rapidly expanding (Intini, 2007). Hoyt (2008) pointed out how the company seems to be closing too many stores. Their franchisees are struggling, and even though 28 new franchises opened in the first quarter of 2008; there were 7 closures. The company stated that they â€Å"will close additional stores in the future and the number of such closures may be significant. More problems exist as Krispy Kreme faces slowing customer traffic; a lack of product diversification; and high fixed costs.

Learning outcome Essay Example for Free

Learning outcome Essay 1.1 explain own role and responsibilities and boundaries of own role as a teacher . Write a essay explain the your role and responsibilities including the limits of your teaching role. Word limited (200) 1.2 Identify key aspects of relevant current legislative requirements and codes of practice within a specific context -The student will write a essay explaining the NEW STANDARDS FOR TEACHERS AND TRAINERS. Explaining the new standards expected, including details of Health and Safety. Make a list of location where you can research changes to your subject topic including details of location and the method of research. 1.3 identify other points of referral available to meet the potential needs of students -Draw a mind map for your preferred learning style and include it within your portfolio. 1.4 identify issues of equality and diversity and ways to promote inclusion -Define equality and diversity. -What does the term inclusive mean? (100 words) Place copies of equal opportunities policies from a number of companies if your company does not have any. -Write a short essay explaining the importance to address the issues of qualify , diversity and inclusion within your training area. (200 word) 1.5 Explain the need of record keeping. Write a reflective piece explaining how you feel about keeping paper work and record keeping. (200) 2.0 understand appropriate teaching and learning approaches in the specialist area. 2.1 Identify and demonstrate relevant approaches for a specialist teaching area. -Write a brief essay explaining the approaches for a specialist teaching area. (200) 2.2 Explain ways to embed elements of functional skills in the specialist area. -With reference to an experience teacher you have previously observed in your specialist area. Explain how your teacher can keep up to date with their teaching practice in their specialist teaching area? How can your teaching incorporate communication and numeracy? 2.3 Justify the selection of teaching and learning approaches for a specialist session. in reflective piece explain a teaching session that you have delivered and the reason you have used a teaching approached. If you are not teaching currently, explain a teaching approach that you have seen for a spe cific session. 3.0 Demonstrate session planning skills. 3.1 Plan a teaching and learning session which meets the needs of individual students. -complete a full teaching plan for the micro teaching session. (presentation) 3.2 Justify selection of resources for a specific session. -Write a brief essay of (100) explaining the reason for the use of specific resources within your teaching session. 4 Understand how to deliver inclusive sessions which motivate students. 4.1 Explain ways to establish ground rules with students which underpin appropriate behavior and respect for others. Write a brief statement explaining methods of establishing clear ground rules . Give a examples of a ground rules list. 4.2 use a range of appropriate and effective teaching and learning approaches to engage and motivate students. Feedback sheets for other students 4.3 Explain and demonstrate good practice in give feedback Complete a essay explaining good practice and examples of bad practice. 4.4 Communicate appropriately and effectively with students. copy of the feedback from lead instructions and internal Verifier. 4.5 Reflect on and evaluate the effectiveness of own teaching. Complete a reflection on the effective of the teaching method used and the ways you can improve your teaching practices. 5 understand the use of different assessment methods and the need of record keeping. 5.1 Identify different assessment methods -Write a reflection piece on the type of assessment you have experienced during your training time and school experience and the methods that have been effective and ineffective. (200 words) 5.2 Explain the use of assessment methods in different contexts, including reference to initial assessment. -Write a essay explaining the use of assessment methods and the different times you would use this method including details of initial assessment prior to starting a course. Including details of the types of assessment that are suitable for different areas. How can you use this assessment techniques be used to assessment learner progress. 5.3 Explain the need for record keeping in relation to assessment. -Briefly explain the need for record keeping due to the fact and relationship of the awarding bodies and the requirement of tractability of all document and processes.

pirate childrens story :: essays research papers

Some called him a pirate, some called him a scoundrel, and some said he was the devil himself! His name was Jack and he had been a sailor and an adventurer for a long, long time. His body carried the scars of a hundred sword fights, a map of the marvelous travels he had, a constant reminder of the things he had done. His schooner had sailed the seven seas and was beginning to show signs of old age, just like her master. Her sails were tattered, and she too had scars, from cannonballs and chain shots. Jack’s lone companion was a outspoken parrot named Polly, who was always perched on one of his shoulders. Now the three were setting off on one last voyage, one last chance for fame and fortune. They had sailed so many times before, only to find that their dreams of treasure and booty were only rumors. But this time would be different, this time they would find it. This time they had a map! Jack had seized the map from the ship he last raided. It wasn't much of a map, the parchment was old and yellowed and the compass directions were hard to make out. There were two tall mountains and some forests drawn on the paper, but most importantly, there was an X. The old man had seen maps like this before, and had never found anything near the marked spot. But this map had something about it that made him believe it was the real thing. And so with fair skies and following winds they sailed south, further south than they had ever been before. They sailed for seven days and seven nights, and on the morning of the eighth day, at the break of dawn, they saw land. It wasn't much, a small strip of land, but with two tall mountains and some trees, Jack knew it was the place. As the ship drew nearer, he began to see the island better, and he could see the beach. The sand was smooth, and white. It was one of the most beautiful sights he had ever seen in all of his years. Jack could see now that there were more than a few trees here. There was a thick tropical forest stretching from one mountain to the other. And the mountains were sending up small wisps of smoke. As the ship drew nearer, it hit him.

Novel “Asturias” Essay

Celebrity and fame don’t affect all relationships equally; some individual’s relationships are positively affected while others are affected negatively. Some individuals are easily influenced by fame and let it influence their relationships. Brain Caswell shows these ideas in the novel â€Å"Asturias† in the novel it is about a group being formed to make music and to make it in the world of fames. The song by Ed Sheeran’s You Need Me is about the singer ready to enter fame and is determined to make it. The trailer for Almost Famous is about a boy entering a new world full of celebrities. Asturias explores how fame can affect a celebrity’s relation both positively and negatively. In Asturias fame creates opportunities for individuals to form new relations or enhance old ones. Max desire to, â€Å"assemble a band†¦. With image and substance† reveals how fame gives the group members (Alex, Chrissie, Marco, Tasha and Tim) opportunity to meet each other and form new relationships. This idea also highlights Tim’s observation how, â€Å"you have more friends than ever† when you become famous. Celebrities have more fans and meet more celebrities of which they have idolised. It affects their relations towards the band members in their group. Ed Sheeran’s song You need me, also shows how fame can give more opportunities and exceed in life through the use of metaphor in the line â€Å"more greener pastures†. Likewise the trailer for almost famous also supports the notion that fame can create new relationships as the main character is introduced to rock stars and befriends them. This is emphasised when the main character is shown in a mid shot at the start of the trailer. With an upbeat song playing in the background highlighting his vulnerability and how he is starting the journey to fame. This vulnerable shot contrast with later shots where he is singing with the band members in their bus showing that his joined their group. Fame may create opportunities however it can put strains in relationships. Fame can create opportunities for forming new relationships or enhancing old relationships, in the trailer almost famous it shows the main character in a mid shot with an up beat song playing in the background showing his vulnerability and leading on through the trailer he starts his journey to  fame. He starts to experience the ride that everyone dreams for. These relations are affect by fame because they shown they are alone and they begin to make new friends such as rock stars and celebrities and they being to have friendships with. In the line by Ed Sheeran, â€Å"move to greener pastures,† he uses metaphor to show that he wants to go far and exceed in life. Fame gives him more opportunities to exceed in life and it brings new opportunities in his life. Also in Asturias the line â€Å" you have more friends then ever†, it shows how there are also new people entering in your life. New relationships are made and fame gives them these opportunities. Lastly fame gives you the dream. It’s a clichà © it gives you the opportunity to exceed in life and try new things and do the thing you love. Fame puts strain on old relationships epically with friends and family or can make it difficult to make new (real) friends. Such as in almost famous â€Å"rock starts have steeled my son†, the imagery of fame taking away her son, it affects the mums and sons relationship negatively because her son is to caught up on all the glitz and glamor. The mum knows these people are fake and don’t really care about the son. It also puts a strain in the mums and son relationship as the mother is loosing her son and they are distant. In relation, in Asturias the motif of the â€Å"brass ring† communicates the idea that fame and celebrity is not what it looks like it seems perfect and it everything you imagine it is gold in our eyes. Marco’s realises this when his dad wants to come back into the picture again, his dad just wants his money and doesn’t want him for all the other things. Marcos relations ship is like the brass ring. It looks like gold when his dad wants him but he starts to realise that his dad’s just brass and the idea of him really wanting to know him was an illusion. Brian Caswell outlines that fame has a positive and negative aspects as evident in the line, â€Å"with one hand it gives you the dream, with the other it takes a subtle payment†, where juxtaposition and imagery displays how fame is not always beneficial and always has a price. It shows how it can affect the relationships with your family and friends. You start to feel disconnected but you are making new friends however these friends may be untrustworthy and won’t be they’re when you stuff up. As you see fame has influenced these relationships in a negatively way. Keeping relationships intact while being famous requires hard work and a good support system plus you need to stay connected to the real world. In the song, You Need Me by Ed Sheeran in the line, â€Å"from day one I’ve been prepared†, the composer shows that he’s ready to entre fame, he’s ready to live the lifestyle of socialising, paparazzi, criticism and fake friends. He is ready to live in that negative environment which may affect his relation towards him self. Also in this line the rhythm is fast and up beat, he’s also rapping he uses this to show that fame is constantly fast you got to keep in track and your constantly have to keep putting yourself out their until you make it. In the line, â€Å"the light at the end of the tunnel was beginning to look less and less like an on-coming train†. Brian Caswell does this to show how their seems to be more hope and that the dream can actually happen, through the use of illusion. It shows how f ame affected the group’s relationship positively because they had a good support system and they stay connected to the their family and friends. Fame affects relationships by changing their lifestyle and world. It changes their lifestyle and world because new people entre your life such as fans. You loose your close friends because fame start to take over your life and usually your friends say remember me when you’re famous, because they know their going to loose you. You have a new status to live up to and you have are more restricted with your life. Your lifestyle change to glamorous fast paced, luxurious and wealthy. Your confidence grows and you are also placed in a new environment that surrounds you with expectations and partying and drugs and alcohol. In conclusion celebrity and fame can affects relations based on the person and the relationships on the others. Fame can affect them on the way they think about life by achieving their goals and knowing that anything can happen. However it also can impact their life by changing it around and influencing them to a false world and change their whole persona on life. Celebrity and fame can impact many relations it all depends on the individual and the way they look on to fame.

Balance in Life

Living in today’s fast-paced lifestyle is a very common scene among us and sometimes we took for granted that our life is no longer in balance. Our way of life is already a very stressful one for the reason that we do not know how to balance it anymore. Some of us may able to ask ourselves with â€Å"what does it feels like having a balance life? †, â€Å"how can we achieve that balance so we could minimize our stress? †, and â€Å"what is life in balance means? † Defining balance in life is a very vague perception among people.We all have different ideas about the subject and we have different ways of measuring it (Mundell, 2004). Moreover, knowing what balance in life means would also depend on the context of the conversation and the person’s viewpoint. (Lockwood, 2003) â€Å"A figurative definition of balance refers to a big-picture notion of our lives as a whole. † (MSN Arabia, 2005) We try to define balance by comparing our normal daily activities with an additional tasks, like for instance of being a mother, a wife and going on a job. Achieving this balance in life is through adjusting our priorities and knowing what is important to us.As a mother, a wife and a worker/employee, we try to balance the conflicts that exist between the need for security with work and the need to satisfy our family. (MSN Arabia, 2005) We define balance in life as it relies on our desire to feel successful both at work and our personal life at the same time. (Mundell, 2004) Balance in life could mean having a balance diet also. Our body needs a well balanced diet, like good supply of carbohydrates, especially high-fiber foods, water, vitamins and minerals, a certain amount of protein, fat, and bacteria.Thus, in preparing our meals, we can control what we are going to add on it and what we are going to cut back, like adding more fruits and vegetables to our food and cutting back those saturated fats. (MSN Arabia, 2005) Balance in life al so imply achieving physical balance both internal and external, thus, when we are able to achieve that physical balance, we can attain a sense of beauty. Because natures follow a balancing act, when we attain physical balance, we become more beautiful in the eyes of the beholder. (MSN Arabia, 2005)Generally, when we speak about balance, what comes into our mind is the management of time. Sometimes we always run out of time for ourselves, we always gave this time for other people especially for our love ones. When we already have to do something for ourselves to make us better, we always makes excuses that we are busy enough that we do not have time to do it, and we are tired of doing it. Continuing this unhealthy habit of time management would just make our task or work unproductive, even worst we could also make the people around us feel ungrateful.Thus, if we both have balance in life and time management in harmony with each other, we can have effectiveness in everything we do. We could find a room and a time to do everything that we enjoy. Finding time for ourselves benefit us of self-confidence and pride in ourselves. (MSN Arabia, 2005) Balance in life could also mean helping conquering our limitations. Since fears set our limitations of doing something we love to do, we get frustrated in life by not achieving what we want. Once we can conquer that fear we are facing, our lives gets easier and we can enjoy being ourselves.We could accept our limitations at present but we could look forward improving it. Finally, balance in life means achieving a fulfillment. We need to balance ourselves such that the various elements in our life focus on our fulfillment, to help us eventually reach a level where we can pursue our personal desires. (MSN Arabia, 2005) We need to work in balancing our life or else we will lose the balance of body, mind, and soul. Sources: MSN Arabia, (2005). Adding Balance Back to Life. Retrieved March 27, 2007, from MSN Arabia Web site: http ://www.arabia. msn. com/Family_Home/health_fitness/17/ Mundell, Heather (2004, November 9). Ending the Battle for Balance. Retrieved March 27, 2007, from Selfgrowth. com: The Online Self Improvement Encyclopedia Web site: http://www. selfgrowth. com/articles/Mundell1. html Lockwood, Nancy R. (2003, June). Work/life balance: challenges and solutions – 2003 Research Quarterly. HR Magazine, Retrieved March 27, 2007, from http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m3495/is_6_48/ai_102946878 (Lockwood, 2003)

Role of Media

Role of Media Media PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 2Running Head: ROLE OF MEDIARole of MediaRole of MediaDifferent countries have different regulations and laws. In China, the media are under the control of government and serve for the government. They are called government's 'throats' and 'tones', which means media speak for the government. It is still a long way to go for Chinese media to realize the media public sphere. In western countries, the media system seems more democratic.On one hand the media reports will find out the problems in the society, give advises to the governments and help the governments make progress in order to provide for the citizens better services. In this sense, the media are tools for the public to benefit themselves. On the other hand, media have to be influenced by the governmental activities so that media become the ruling methods of the governments.English: A Taiwan television news program simulati...Economic factor also influences the contents of media. Audiences do have needs from media. The media programs have to concern audience needs if they want to earn profits. The media must "respond in a competitive market-place to what people want, and express their views and interests" (Curran, 2000: p.129). As a result, the privately owned broadcasting system speaks for people (Curran, 2000). The state-owned media has less pressure from the market because a large amount of their economic supports are from the governments. Almost all the traditional media in China are owned by the government so they speak for the government. However, a new regulation that aimed at bringing the industry in line with a shift towards a free market economy was put in place in China at the end of 2003 that the newspapers "must be financially independent from central government" (BBC News Online, 2003, ref 3).

Essay on Are People Selfish

Essay on Are People Selfish Essay on Are People Selfish? Essay on Are People Selfish?As a matter of fact, scientists wonder whether selfishness or altruism drive human evolution and give arguments in favor and against it. Evolutionary theorists concentrated mainly on competition, natural selection and selfishness, but couldn’t deny one evident fact that humans would not be able to survive in nature without social reciprocity, communication and cooperation.Recent research proves that evolution favors cooperation, while selfishness never brings long-term success, it requires cooperation. The recent discovery conflicts with the Zero-Dominant theory that provides selfish players a guaranteed way to beat cooperative ones. Zero-Dominant theory offers advantages to the selfish when they are against the cooperative players. Otherwise, it won’t work. In Ayn Rand’s novel Atlas Shrugged we read that human nature is fundamentally selfish and every one exists only for his own sake. Modern studies show, however, that humans and anim als are unable to evolve in cooperative environment by being selfish, that challenges a previous theory justifying selfish behavior. It has been estimated that children have innate desire for equity and are less selfish than often considered. Experiments show that toddlers will help adults without being asked to do so. It also contradicts with Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection that presents individuals as selfish, on the one hand, and on the other hand, UK scholar considers that Darwin himself was puzzled with cooperation he observed in nature, especially by social insects. Natural disasters like earthquakes or tsunami are a vivid example of heroism, altruism and sharing of resources. Human stress systems are designed to connect to others, while even short-term isolation may be destructive. US researchers who worked out a model of the well-known prisoner’s dilemma game demonstrated the reasonability of cooperation that we observe in the animal kingdom, micro bial world and in humans. That is communication is the key reason of cooperation, only doing so people will eventually be more successful. Studying social distance and other-regarding behavior scholars worked with dictator and ultimatum games and noticed that in history everything was commonly shared and distributed equally between members of a community.   Thus, they claim society follows the principle of reciprocal altruism, sharing traditions in terms of private costs that reinforce reciprocal actions. They suppose that individuals bring their personal life experiences into the experiment and as the anonymity or social isolation decreases the offer distributions also diminish. Social distance importance is evident and people appear to value social interaction with others when making decisions. Thus, not all act in their self-interest. Only in complete isolation researchers trace strictly self-interest behavior. They consider that dictator an ultimatum games should be modeled in terms of implicit and explicit expectations. Other-regarding preferences are found to have a social, what-do-others-know component. So, the presence of the experimenter reduces the incidence of self-regarding behavior. Behavior is considerably determined with what others may think, thus can be called a form of social exchange.Though, people are said to be inherently selfish since it has always been their defense mechanism, for today’s society selfishness does no good. So, people being social creatures group together in families, tribes, nations and social traits are considered to be best rational policies. Only having learned to work as a team they will be able to communicate more effectively, that will in its turn bring us long-term results and make the world a better place to live in.

Write My Essay for Me

Write My Essay for Me Write My Essay for Me Write My Essay for Me How can I get my paper written are the words which are often said by the students. The number of different tasks a student has to complete simultaneously is quite large, the time is as always quite compressed, and the desire to study starts sleeping when spring comes. This is ordinary scenery of the studying process of any modern student. Some students fall into despair, some students are trying to find a way out. However, many students already know where they can get their paper written for them: Essay Writing Services Nowadays, a lot of essay writing services offer their help for those students who ask them write my paper for me or where can I get my paper written. Our essay writing service is not an exception; however, there are some positions, which distinguish us from all the other services. We offer only highly qualified specialists to deal with who have the proper level of education and experience. The words write my essay mean to us that the person who says write my paper for me needs a professional and immediate help and we are always glad to provide such a customer with the on-time help. We Pay Attention To Your Needs One more our distinctive feature of offering essay-writing service is as follows: when the person contacts us with the question: when can I get my paper ready we pay attention to the desire of the customer. For example, some services have their own terms and conditions for each piece of writing creating. Our writers take into account the desire of the customers. If a person needs his or her essay to be ready in several hours, he or she will get it. At this point, it should be emphasized that the compressed time for the work completing is not going to influence either its content or quality of it. We Do Not Plagiarize! Our team just disdains plagiarism; that is why all the works are written only for the individuals for their special orders. Absence of spelling and grammar mistakes is also considered to be our strength. If next time you will be asking write my paper for me you know where it is better to appeal in order to get a qualitative essay and for the short period of time. Is not it just great when you can tell write my essay and you desire will be fulfilled by our team like with the help of magic warmed? Popular posts: Sport Research Paper Science Research Paper Research Paper Topics Research Paper Proposal Research Paper no Plagiarism

Delbert Mann and the development of television Essay

Delbert Mann and the development of television - Essay Example Delbert Mann is one of the people who helped shaped the roots of television, which was once a high-brow medium. Though born in Lawrence, Kansas in 1920, Mann grew up in Nashville, where his father taught at Scarritt College (Harwell). He got his first exposure to theater in Hume-Fogg High School and participated largely in the productions of the school's drama club (Gelman). Mann went on to study political science in Vanderbilt University, where he met his future wife. Mann was also actively involved in the Nashville Community Playhouse, where he worked closely with Fred Coe, the man who was to influence his career as a television director later on. During World War II, Mann was drafted in the U.S. Air Force and was assigned to missions in Europe. While in Europe, he immersed himself in the theater scene of London and watched as much theater as he can. His solid commitment to pursue directing in theater, however, only solidified when a man named Rupert Burns, also a pilot in the Air Force, died right after he spoke with Mann about becoming a poet after the war. Mann relayed in the interview with Gelman that the incident convinced him that life is short and that he ought to do what he wanted to do with it. After the war, Mann pursued an M.F.A. at Yale Drama School. ... It was with these television anthologies that Mann became most identified (Gibberman). Mann is also the director who helmed the first ever domestic situation comedy Mary Kay and Johnny (1949), and Marty, the first television drama ever to receive major press coverage and the most popular anthology of its time (Gibberman). There are quite a few things notable about Delbert Mann and his works in television. These are: 1) that Mann is very much one of the proponents of the live television telecast; 2) that Mann mainly drew the material that he used for his programs from historic and classical sources and that he is an expert in bringing out and highlighting small personal stories against the backdrop provided by overall history and events around which these small stories revolve; 3) that Mann's career was largely shaped and influenced by his association with Fred Coe; and 4) that Mann himself holds so much passion for his work, a passion that drove him to strive for excellence in his productions. Delbert Mann can be said to be one of the proponents of the live television telecast, but that is perhaps because the technology available to the television industry then called for nothing else but live telecasts. The tape was not yet invented then, so every episode of the early television anthologies and dramas that he directed were all done live. But this perhaps did not prove to be difficult for Mann, as all his cast and crew had extensive background in the theater, and early studio for television is somehow parallel to the atmosphere of the theater. Mann himself had broad experience with the theater, given his early exposure with that medium, his M.F.A. degree from the Yale Drama School and that

Thesis on Nickel and Dimed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Thesis on Nickel and Dimed - Essay Example In the one month, he worked fulltime, and he would live only off the amount he would earn in the low wage jobs. His main objective was to determine whether she would be able to live off the money earned. Whether the money would be enough to cater for other services such as rent. I have preferred using the book Nickel and Dimed because I have the same feeling towards low earning workers. As addressed, they experience hard working times in their place of their work. The low earnings earned put these workers in a situation where they are even unable to cater for basic wants such as food, clothing, and shelter. There are also uncertainties caused by unpredictable environment for working. The managers take advantage of low income earners, and they dispose them to cases of unexpected retrenchments and sackings. The managers also expect their workers especially the low qualified ones to work for extended hours, which are not even equivalent to their salaries. Some of the workers problems th ese low earning workers face gets to the extent of physical harassment by their employers (Ehrenreich 25). For example, working as a waiter, one should provide quality services, which will be appealing to the customers. The aim of the hotel owner is to provide quality services to customers so as to maintain a reputable image for hotel. However, managers have a challenge in the provision of these quality services as they also demand qualified manpower. Qualified manpower also comes hand in hand with the better payment. Managers have to employ low income earners as their resources are efficient to them. Most low income earners also do not have a problem in performing difficult and physically demanding tasks. In relation to Barbara Ehrenreich, she worked once worked as waitress where she had difficult as some of the tasks involved were physically demanding. Waiters also face problems in coping with some difficult situations in their working environment. In case of any loss or breakages of items, the workers have accountability of it. This discourages workers as some of the items destroyed are expensive and considering their low income they cannot afford. Another problem waiter faces are about the mode of communication used. Most of the low income earners are not well equipped with etiquette qualities required for efficient provision of these services. There is a language barrier where most of the low income earners travel in far countries, and may have a hard time learning the local language of their location. Language barrier discourage efficient communication among workers and also between the workers and management. In relation Ehrenreich, she finds a hard time relating with managers and usually has a hard time hence becoming a source of problems in her job. These inefficiencies the workers face make them not to have a working environment (Ehrenreich 58). When Ehreinreich is unable to cope with hotel jobs, she heads to Maine. She succeeds with nursing home job . In relation to this, low income earners also do not keep on one job for a long time because of prevailing problems. A low income worker is ready to work in any environment as he does not have any qualification in any job. Considering the increased number of nursing homes due to calamities caused by political instabilities in many countries, low income earners use that chance as a job opportunity. There in nursing homes

Exploring Types of Literature Creatively Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Exploring Types of Literature Creatively - Essay Example bsorbed herself in the bewitching moonlight, an idea floated in her mind, which compelled her go inside to bring the mobile set with her on return to the courtyard. She sat under the moon, and dialed a number and waited for the reply from the other side. Michael: (in a pleasant mood) â€Å"O no, never never my doll-like Eve, it is my pleasure that ye called me and remembered me even at late hours of night, when moon has spread its jubilance and mirth everywhere.† Eve: â€Å"OK, but it is his routine to keep sleep as soon as he enters his house, which is not fair at all. When one has been blessed with a comely and handsome wife, why shouldn’t he enjoy while making love with her?† Eve: (in a bit shy tone) : â€Å"You; you are the only obstacle on my way†¦.. Neither had you the courage to express your feelings before me, nor do you want to take me in the deep valleys of merry-making, you are just a selfish man.† Eve (soliloquy): â€Å"I couldn’t understand my relationship with Michael; being James’s wife, it is not fair to get involved into emotional or physical relationship with any other man, but if husband is unable to pay due heed to his charming wife, then she has every right to have connection with some other, even beyond her marital-knot, in order to soothe her mental and physical demands; I am a young and graceful lady, after all†¦.. (Pause) Eve: (again soliloquy) â€Å"How magnificently Michael admires my intellect, my imagination, my thoughts and my apparent charms, which James is unable to do. I really feel gratification, satisfaction, pleasure and recreation while sitting with him, in his arms, making fun, laughing, chatting, kitting jokes and shares all woes and worries of my life. I have no conscience to prick me stop meeting to Michael, as he is my companion, my love and soul-mate; so, I will never consider it as a sin, and will satisfy my desires till he is with me.† (In the meantime, she receives Michael’s message, where he informs her

Individual Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Individual - Assignment Example Comparative ratio analysis2 is effective if the financial statements of the organizations being assessed are of the same financial period. Financial period disparity may distort the effectiveness of ratio analysis and may therefore lead to unreliable conclusions. Therefore, I will compare the performance of these three organizations using financial statements based on averages for the last three years, 2011 to 2013. These financial statements are provided in the appendices. The primary concern of every firm is to increase its profitability, as most investors will first look at the profits in evaluating the performance of that firm. Profitability ratios measure the operating success of a company for a given financial period. When the profit figure is expressed as a percentage of sales or capital employed, these ratios can be compared with those of previous years, or those from companies in the same industry. The net profit margin shows how much of each sales dollar shows up as net income after all expenses are paid. The net profit margin measures profitability after consideration of all expenses including taxes, interest, and depreciation. Here the higher NPM indicates higher profitability of the firm. The calculation is:  Net Income/Net Sales = _____%. The Return on Equity ratio is perhaps the most important of all the financial ratios to investors in the company. It measures the return on the money the investors have put into the company. This is the ratio potential investors look at when deciding whether or not to invest in the company. The calculation is:  Net Income/Stockholders Equity  = _____%. Financial leverage ratios assess how much financial risk the company has taken on and measure the company’s ability to survive over a long period3. A company that has borrowed money obviously has a commitment to pay future

Admin Law Question 1 + 2 (750-750 words) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Admin Law Question 1 + 2 (750-750 words) - Essay Example By s1 of the 1967 Act he is appointed by the Queen on the advice of the PM and holds office until the age of 65. Especially in relation to JR, the procedural requirements of public law element, leave, locus standi, time limits and grounds often deny speedy redress to the applicant. Matters such as delay, incompetence, stupidity, loss of documents, rudeness etc cannot be the subject to the JR. But, these fall within PCA’s jurisdiction. Disadvantage: the MPs check the legitimacy of complaints and it is called MP Filter. If a MP is the main culprit, claimants never get redress. In this sense MP enjoy more power. At the same time each year lots of letter of complain arises which not possible to review for an ombudsman. The most important factor to mention is the ombudsman will not investigate complaints where an alternate remedy exists. Ombudsmans powers of investigation are limited, for example-maladministration. 3) The PCA has had an impact on certain more High profile cases such as ‘Sachsendhausen’ case where the PCA found maladministration in distributing compensation. A recent example is the ‘Barlow Clowes Affair’. Jurisdiction: The 1967 Act should be amended to provide that the PCA could investigate all complaints other than those relating to matters specifically excluded. However, the govt. rejected this proposal. However MPs have some great advantages as redressers of grievances. Their services are free and easily accessible; many MPs take great pains to advertise their surgery times and other means of contract in the local media. Most are assiduous in taking up grievances, and often the mere fact of receiving a letter from an MP, rather than from an ordinary citizen, will induce the authority to give a favorable response. Further, the Mp’s services are equally useful whether the constituent is asking for the correction of an error or the more favorable exercise of discretion, where no legal

Individual Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Individual - Assignment Example Comparative ratio analysis2 is effective if the financial statements of the organizations being assessed are of the same financial period. Financial period disparity may distort the effectiveness of ratio analysis and may therefore lead to unreliable conclusions. Therefore, I will compare the performance of these three organizations using financial statements based on averages for the last three years, 2011 to 2013. These financial statements are provided in the appendices. The primary concern of every firm is to increase its profitability, as most investors will first look at the profits in evaluating the performance of that firm. Profitability ratios measure the operating success of a company for a given financial period. When the profit figure is expressed as a percentage of sales or capital employed, these ratios can be compared with those of previous years, or those from companies in the same industry. The net profit margin shows how much of each sales dollar shows up as net income after all expenses are paid. The net profit margin measures profitability after consideration of all expenses including taxes, interest, and depreciation. Here the higher NPM indicates higher profitability of the firm. The calculation is:  Net Income/Net Sales = _____%. The Return on Equity ratio is perhaps the most important of all the financial ratios to investors in the company. It measures the return on the money the investors have put into the company. This is the ratio potential investors look at when deciding whether or not to invest in the company. The calculation is:  Net Income/Stockholders Equity  = _____%. Financial leverage ratios assess how much financial risk the company has taken on and measure the company’s ability to survive over a long period3. A company that has borrowed money obviously has a commitment to pay future

Significance Of Training And Development In Employee Retention Research Paper

Significance Of Training And Development In Employee Retention - Research Paper Example Development of employee capacity can also include involvement of employees in developing organizational policies (Shields 2007). It promotes goal ownership among the employees and reduces overreliance on the management regarding the accomplishment of day to day tasks. Johnson (2001) observes, people usually desire to have autonomy in their day to day activities, which is significant in encouraging them to remain in the organization. With such empowerment, democracy is established in the workplace whereby the employees' views are taken into consideration and integrated into to the organization’s strategic plan. Employees are allowed to attend and contribute to significant meetings, which makes them feel desirable and appreciated and hence feel that they are part and parcel of the organization (Colling 1995).Career Development McConnell (2003) argues that provision of up-to-date training and development opportunities to employees enhances their value in the labor market and henc e increased career mobility. This positively affects their job security since they keep in mind that their skills are in line with the current demand for human resources within the organization. The employees’ security comes from the realization that they remain equivalent with employees in other organizations. Competent employees view stagnation in a particular position as a potential cause of redundancy thus they stay in the organization where career development is guaranteed (Startups 2006).... The employees’ security comes from the realization that they remain equivalent with employees in other organizations. Competent employees view stagnation in a particular position as a potential cause of redundancy thus they stay in the organization where career development is guaranteed (Startups 2006). How Training and Development Increases Revenues and Productivity Empowerment Strategies for training and development empower employees to accomplish tasks effectively. The need to continuously acquire knowledge is important especially for the constantly changing business environments (McConnell 2003). Schrader & Lawless (2004) observe that new technologies that require skilled workers can not be applied if an organization fails to train its employees. The alternative is to hire skilled workers, which is a move that might be costly for the organization especially in the long run due to the constant technological advancements and market changes. Capacity Building Workplace learni ng involves constant skills upgrading to help employees improve their performance. Coaching is among the workplace learning strategies that are focused on giving the employees additional skills to improve their competence. For example, when new employees are engaged in a company, they usually possess some skills but have little experience in the organizational operations. Coaching them is necessary to improve their knowledge regarding the organization. It helps them to apply the skills acquired through studies in real practice (Colling 1995). The result is usually positive and the employees can perform better, thereby increasing productivity among the employees. Coaching motivates the weaker employees to perform better and also facilitates the

Caring for Individuals with Additional Needs Essay Example for Free

Caring for Individuals with Additional Needs Essay In this task the explanation of why individuals may experience additional needs will be provided. There are 4 main categories of disability. I will list them and also give an example of each category and also say if the disability is physical, cognitive or sensory. Physical meaning having problems with strength or co-ordination within caused by having an accident or an inspection. Cognitive meaning a person having problems with learning and understanding everyday things. Sensory – this can be a problem with learning through sight, taste, smell, touch and hearing. Basically this has to do with the five senses. The categories are: Genetic (from a family member through blood) – Sickle cell is contracted through either parent (mother/father) who has the trait. This trait can be passed on to the child or children. If the father has a trait and the mother has a trait, the child can get the full trait. This category is physical. Accidental – accidents can cause disability e. g. a person driving a car and accidentally hits down a person walking in the road; this can cause major damage to this person. The person could be paralyzed for life. This category is physical and could also be cognitive because this person could have hit his/her head and ended up being brain damage. The brain damage can lead to this person losing most of the knowledge he/she had before and have to start learning all over again. Developmental – can be caused be a pregnant woman having difficulty in the womb or during birth. A child can develop disability while growing up for example contracting Meningitis. Possible complications that can be caused are hearing loss, learning disability or problem with co-ordination and balance. This category can be sensory, physical or cognitive. Environmental – can be caused by working in a place where there is lots of dust or even smoking can cause a person to develop asthma or other infections. This category can be physical.

Analysis of Web Service Efficiency

Analysis of Web Service Efficiency Abstract Web service standards used nowadays are Extensible Markup Language based and the important technology in communication between heterogeneous applications are over Internet. Thereby selecting an efficient web services among numerous options satisfying client requirements has become a challenging and time consuming road block. The path for the optimal execution of all the user request is done using the Hidden Markov Model (HMM). The results have shown how our proposed methodology can help the user to select the most reliable web service available. Our analysis is about creating a cost effective servicing mechanism for web services, if effectively implemented this concept will reduce the need for network engineers in maintenance of web services. As a result of the parallelism technique used in this analysis significant reduction in RT and increase in composition speed has been observed. Keywords: Hidden Markov Model (HMM), Extensible Markup Language, Web Services, Service Quality Architecture (SQA)   1. Introduction In the Service Web the feedback of customers constitutes a substantial component of Web Service trustworthiness and reputation, this in turn affects the consumer service uptake in the future. All that we presents here is an approach to predict and assess the various reputations that are prevalent in the services oriented environment that is prevalent. All the web services enable computer-computer (c2c) communication in a heterogeneous environment, hence they are very suitable for an environment such as the internet. People can use the standardized web service model for rapid design, implement and extended applications. Many enterprises and corporations provide different web services to be more responsive and cost-effective. All activities that are composite services in nature may be defined by the graphs of control flow and the after coming data graphs. As a service provider, the foremost importance is for the bound(upper), the mean RT of a request given some request load and some architectural environment. Furthermore, this computation should be only performed before the actual deployment and usage of the service. In exceptional cases of service thats of composite nature this performance of the service depends on only the hypotheses about all the invoked service that are elementary in nature. Component approaches another very important benefit is reuse. In the web service definition language all the service that are of elementary nature are conceptually limited to relatively very simple features that can be only modeled by a collection of operations that co exist. Moreover, in due to the application kind its very much necessary to combine a set of all the web services into a single composite web servic e. All of the proposed methodology exploits is the ideas from the Software Architecture- and Component-based approaches to software design. The process of web service selection and discovery of system is essential to provide the clients with proper results and that fulfills their requirements. Its impossible for anybody to fulfill the task without considering all the ranking relations that exist between thousands of various available candidates that have similar functionalities. Thus, ranking is a fundamental process of a Web service selection system, as this integrates all the results thats gathered from previous stages and presents them to those requested. This paper is focused on the various ranking process by considering users SQA requirements. Hidden Markov Model (HMM) A Hidden Markov Model is very well related to the study of how likely or unlikely things are going to happen in the graphical model that is available and well suited in dealing with a sequence of data that are related. The very basic way of thinking this is that we have a set of states, but the road block is we wouldnt know the state directly (this is the reason that makes it hidden). Instead of this, we can only make a state, but we are not in position to tell the state of proceedings for sure. Addition to this is that there are changes (from one thing to another) that is in between states. Each of the change (from one thing to another) between the states is also called as a chance. Sometimes these are known, sometimes they are not known. These states are very flexible instrument that can be put to use not just for clarification purpose but also for (division of something to smaller parts) the purpose and even to create or see or hear things that arent there data. The property of ge nerative works by training a model on this data and then randomly creating chances of (instance of watching, noticing or making a statement) and change (from one thing to another). In this way, you can create data using a hidden markov model. 2.1 Definition Our model of HMM is defined by specifying the following variables: X = {x1, x2, , xn} = set of states Z ={z1, z2, , zm} = the output alphabet à Ã¢â€š ¬(i) = probability of being in state xi at time t = 0 A = transitional probability = {aij}, where aij= P r[entering state xj at time t + 1 | in state xiat time t]. Note that the probabilities of going from state i to state j doesnt depend on the previous states at earlier times. B = output probability ={bj(k)}, where bj(k) = P r[zk at time t | in state xj at time t]. For the purpose of giving an example, lets say that we have two biased coins, which we are ipping, and an observer is seeing the results of our coin ips (not which coin were ipping). In fact, suppose that what we are actually doing can be described by Figure1.Here, the states of the HMM are q1 and q2 (the coins), the output alphabet is fH; Tg, and the transition and output probabilities are as labeled. If we let(q1)=1and(q2) = 0 then the following is a example of a possible transition sequence and output sequence for the HMM in the following diagram. We can easily calculate probabilities for the following events. 1. The probability of the above transition sequence: Pr[x1x1x1x2x2x1x1]= à Ã¢â€š ¬(x1)a11a11a12a22a21a11à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‹â€  0.025 The probability of the above output sequence given the above transition sequence: Pr[HHTTTTH]|(x1x1x1x2x2x1x1)] = 2/3,2/3,1/3,5/ 6,1/3 ,2/3 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‹â€ 0.023 The probability of the above output sequenceandtheabovetransition sequence: Pr[(HHTTTTH)^(x1x1x1x2x2x1x1)] à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‹â€  (0.025).(0.023) à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‹â€  5.7 ÃÆ'- 10-4 2.2 HMM Applications Classification: speech recognition (time series), handwriting recognition (sequence of points), patterns and motifs in DNA (sequence of characters), analyzing video sequences. Modeling transitions: road snapping to work out which segment the user was most likely on (a sequence of points). Generation: text to speech (another time series application). Calculating the transition probability depends on the problem you are trying to address. In some cases (e.g. road snapping) you can compute it directly from the data. If you know the observation probabilities, then working out the transition probabilities is relatively easy (it comes down to finding the path that maximizes the observation probabilities and doing a count to get a measure of the transition probabilities). The most popular of all probability estimation approaches for HMM is the Baum-Welch algorithm, which allows the estimation of both observation and transition probabilities simultaneously. 3. Service Quality Architecture (SQA) The most important Service Quality Architecture that is used in this paper are RT, cost of execution, availability of space, all the reputation and the successful rate of execution. The RT can be defined in quite a few ways. For instance, RT can be stated as the time in between the sending of request and that of receiving the response. This is the period that involves all the receiving request of message time, QT(queuing time), ET(execution time) and receiving RT by the requester. Measuring these time sections is very difficult because they depend on network conditions. Alternatively, it can be measured as the time between receiving request by service provider and sending response to service requestor. This time it includes QT and ET only affected by the workload of the web service. This is the value that must be continuously updated in each and every web services because of the work load thats of changing nature and web service may change during the work time. Execution cost of this process is a fee received by the service provider from the service requestor during each and every execution. The fee for this is determined solely by the service provider and can change due to the web service providers financial policy at that moment. The availability is a very important degree, that is a web service is accessible and ready for immediate use at any given point. From service requester for each execution. This fee is determined by service provider and may change according to web service providers financial policy. Availability is the degree that a web service is accessible and ready for immediate use. 3.1 SQA Notations The Service Quality Architecture used in this paper is summarized in Table1: SQA Description RT It is the time between receiving and sending request EC Execution cost request Availability Up time Up time down time Reputation Repi Total no.of usage Successful ER No.of successful request Total no.of request Descriptions of notations used in this paper are as follow: m: number of tasks. n: number of candidate web services for each task. pi: i-th atomic process of a composition schema (1 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ ià ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ m). wsij: j-th candidate web service for the ith atomic process, (1 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ ià ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ m , 1 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ j à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ n). d: index of SQA . wd: weight of the d-th SQA constraint defined by a client. Cond:permissiblevalueofthe d-th SQA (constraints). Aggd: aggregated value of the d-th S Q A of a composition plan. bij: binary decision variable (0 or 1). If bij=1 then j-th candidate web service is selected for i-th process. 3.1 Aggregation Value of SQA Generally, composition plans are constituted from serial, cycle, XOR-parallel and AND-parallel execution patterns. According to the definition of SQA, the aggregative value of web service composition is calculated regarding to its workflow pattern. The description and aggregation values of workflow patterns are discussed below. For the negative criteria, all the values are scaled to equation 2. For positive criteria, all the values are scaled to equation 1. In our paper the values of n SQA attributes of a service S as a vector: Qs = (Qs1, Qs2, ,Qsn) are modeled and all the value of SQA requirement requested by a consumer are vector Qr = (Qr1, Qr2,Qrn) are considered. All the consumers preference values thus are set on SQA attribute that are each in a vector pr = (pr1,pr2,,prn)where pri[1,n].Thus if a consumer has no preferences over an attribute, n will be considered the default preference value for that specific parameter. Related Works The times of server for the database of composite nature Web services have been examined in full detail, this follows the fork-join execution model. The proposal of the author here is that while performing a join operation or execution, the servers with slow RTs will be eliminated to maximize the performance of the server. All the work here is the more orientation towards examination of the fork-join model thereby to understand the resulting merger of data from various servers. All the work in this domain regarding the performance of the Web services is more inclined towards the composite web services and their RT. When the execution of a composite service that have been examined as a fork-join model. Thus here in the model of the states that a single application in the Internet that invokes many different Web services that are in parallel and thereby gathers their responses and from all the launched services to return thereby, all the results to a client are not affected in general. The perfect explanation of the fork and the join system, that is under some hypothesis is to be found. This hypothesis states that the number of servers that is equal to 2, when the job arrival is in the Poisson process and that the task are in exponential service time distribution in general. The great scientist Nelson and Tantawi proposed that an approximation in the case where all the number of servers is much greater or equal to that of 2 and a homogeneous and exponential servers. After which, a more general case that is presented is where the arrival and service process are general in nature. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSQ, Interactive Evolutionary Computation(IEC),) and Differential evolution (DE) are the major 3 evolutionary algorithm that are on focus in this paper. When IEC is the suitable algorithm for discrete optimization (DO), PSO and DE that offer the continuous optimization are more natural. In this paper we give an introduction to all the 3 similar type of EA techniques to highlight all the common procedures of computation. The most common one we have is the observations in the similarities and differences among the 3 algorithms that are based on various computational steps that are discussed here contrasting to their basic performances. Overall the summary of the literatures discussed is given on the location allocation, flexibility in job shop, multimode resource project that have scheduling road blocks and vehicle routing constraints. 4.1 Average RT Calculation The average RT calculation is a measure of the time that an Enterprise Server consumes in order to return the result that is correct and needed. The RT gets affected by numerous factors such as the quantity of user, bandwidth of network thats available at that point of time, average think time of the server and the basic request type submitted to the server. Here in this section, the RT refers to the average or mean RT. Each and every type of the request has own minimal RT. Even though, when during the evaluation or the testing of the system performance, RT is based on the analysis of average RT of all the requests that is sent to the server. More faster the RT of web service, the more requests/min are being processed overall. However, as the number of users on the system rises, the RT starts to rise proportionally, all though the number of request/min decreases. The below mentioned graph of the system performance of all the server indicates that after a point, the requests/min are inversely proportional to RT. The more sharper the downfall in the requests/min, the steeper the increase in RT. The below mentioned figure clearly point at peak load which is when there quests/min starts to fall. Before this point, RT calculations are not precisely done and was not necessary because they do not use the peak numbers in the formula. But from now on, this point in the graph, the admin is more precisely calculated RT by using maximum number of users and requests/min. The formula used above is calculated using the below method and notations. Tresponse, thats the RT(in seconds) at peak load: Tresponse = n/r Tthink No.of con-current users is denoted by n No. of requests/sec that the server receives is denoted by r The avg think time (in sec) is denoted by Tthink The think time is always included in the equation to get a precise and accurate RT result. If n is max, then the system supports at peak load is6,500/second. r is at peak load, then the system can process at peak load is 2,770/second. The avg think time, Tthink, is 5 sec/request. Therefore RT is calculated by the following formula: Tresponse = n/r Tthink = (5000/ 1000) 3 sec. = 5 3 sec. Thus, the RT is 2 seconds. Application Server performances critical factors are RT, along with throughput. Everything after the systems RT is being calculated at the peak load. 5. Proposed Methodology Optimal web service composition plan that is a composition plans of this road block is very large (nm), is proposed in our paper that presents an approach to find and improve GA that are presented, it quickly converges all the appropriate composition plan. The Tabu search that is being used for generating the neighbor plans and are simulated annealing the heuristic that is applied for accepting or rejecting the neighbor plan. In this phase, all the services thats located after the users requirement will be deleted. Thereby, the remaining services that fulfill the user request. Now among these services, a service with the higher score will be selected. We have proposed the Tabu search and the simulated annealing (SA) that is a constrained satisfaction based approach. Yet, the approach has a high possibility of not completing the local optimum because it is unable to work on more than 1 composition plan simultaneously. We presented an approach in which genetic algorithm is used to find the optimal composition plan. The SA method applies progressive updates to the further generation and the selection of chromosomes to increment the speed of the algorithm performance. Thus, Self-orchestration explains all the Interaction between and within the services that itself orchestrates, before doing anything it actually does the execution. One of the primary languages for the defining self choreographies is the Web Service Choreography Description Language. When this is used partial initialization of chromosomes to escape all the local optimums in general. After all, this proposed method will works on a test sample of composition plans, which is on the contrary to the Tabu method. The different composition approaches that describes the different composition models is provided, which are self-orchestration, self-choreography, self-coordination and part of the component. Self-Orchestration is a description of how the services that participate in the composition of interaction at the message level, including the various order in which iterations that possibly should be executed as well as the business logic. Fig 1: Values of All Web Services and Tasks 5.1 Proposed Design The following diagram shows the activity functions. By using the database it will show all the relevant content to the user. And it tells about the flow of activity of each object. Activity diagram is another important diagram to describe dynamic aspects of the system. Its basically a flow chart that represent the flow from one activity to next activity. In this case the following diagram consist of Server, User, database, checking various query and Sub query. Each actor will perform certain function to achieve the desired goal. First a user enters into a system by providing correct user name and password. After this we will be able to type the query. A use case diagram in its simplest form is a representation of a users interaction with the all the system and depicting the various specifications of a use case. This should be noted that the process of filtering all the web services consists of functional match making and non-functional matchmaking as well. In functional matchmaking, all the web services that have different functionalities from the client are filtered out fully and on the other hand, in non- functional matchmaking, the web services that dont have the appropriate quality are only eliminated. At this stage, the candidate web services for each task are selected. Now the details of the user are fetched into the web agent memory or a temporary storage allocation site. Further the web agents analysis the various web applications in order to finalize the optimal web servers and the resulting information are displayed with user comments and reviews. Fig 2: Flowchart The below diagram tells about the different sequence we are following to make a user to view his related content. In this diagram contain different object like User, database, Validate, relevant and web access. And it tells about the flow of sequence between the objects. A sequence diagram is a kind of interaction diagram that shows how processes operate with one another and in what order. It is a construct of a Message Sequence Chart. The user inputs the login details and connects through we access which are then linked to the time and review request. Now, web agent analysis the various requests from the web applications and provides the information regarding the time and review and gives the possible details to the user. Fig 3: Sequence Diagram In recent years, the application of web-based systems in institutions and government agencies is increasing. Introduction of web services is an effective approach in business structures to provide the required capabilities of service providers for services composition. Selecting the precise user service based on the users request is primarily based upon the service quality of the available web services. Several different methods have been suggested to solve the road block of web services composition based on qualitative characteristics. These methods can be divided into two types of exact methods and approximate methods. The first type is known as non-innovative methods which selects the best design from all available designs by examining and calculating the candidates routes and thus provide a more precise answer. In the second type or innovative methods, contrary to the first type, an ideal design that is close to the best and most accurate answer will be chosen. The below mentioned graph that actually compares the various web services that are available in that field and displays its performance based on RT and user reviews that are given. Fig 4: Resulting Graph Due to the importance of optimal composition of web services in recent years, a lot of works have been done in the field of each method. By studying various types of innovative algorithm, one can conclude that many road blocks still exist to solve in web services composition based on qualitative characteristics. For instance, each of these methods usually have local optimality road block alone or in genetic algorithm that are non complex and basic, the crossover type and the operation of mutation acts randomly and without any guidance, which leads to degeneration of the method. Therefore, efforts to improve efficiency such as using combined methods, operators like revolution operator or adding functions to improve were performed. These techniques are provided for better speed, faster convergence, and higher efficiency in large spaces. Based on the mentioned studies, there is no specific benchmark tool for evaluating the algorithm. Although some researchers used different simulation environments or different data to compare them with each other, the results show that different methods have different disadvantages and they do not have any specific standard. Skyline algorithm method and parallelism technique are used in this proposed method in order to provide the best composition with regard to the shortest RT in high scalability. Conclusion For the purpose of retaining their client all the web services first priority is maintaining Service Quality. This paper pays attention to the RTs of composite Web service that plays a very important role in attaining service quality in web services.. We propose a heuristic model for predicting RT of web service and thereby selecting an optimal web service at the runtime from the list of functionally similar web services. For the purpose of the probabilistic instances of Web Services. We have used Hidden Markov Model. Our model has been made with the assumption of Web Services that is deployed on a cluster of web servers and thereby sometime the delayer crash during WS invocation happens which is because the bad node in sever clustering responds to request of the user. By using HMM where ever needed we have predicted the probabilistic nature and predicted the behavior of these web servers and then selected the Web Services based on their optimal probabilistic value. An approach is proposed to solve the Service Quality Architecture aware Web Service selection road block. To avoid this problem, an SQA based algorithm is presented that will reveal all selection leading to the results thats very close to optimal, efficient solution. This process in arriving at the solution is also done at a rapid speed which is worth mentioning. 7. Reference SalehieTahvildari L. Selfadaptive software: Landscape research challenges. ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems. 2009;4:1-42. T.Rajendran, P.Balasubramanie. An efficient architecture for agent-based dynamic web service discovery with SQA. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology; Islamabad Pakistan. 2010 May; 15(2). J.Cardoso, et al. Quality of service in workflows and Web service processes: Web Semantics Science, Services and Agents on the WorldWideWeb.2004; 1:281-308. CardelliniV, et al. MOSES: A framework for QOS driven runtime adaptation of service-oriented systems. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering.2011. ErradiA, Maheshwari P. Dynamic binding framework for adaptive web services. Proceedings of the 2008 Third International Conference on Internet and Web Applications and Services; 2008. LIU, Z., J. LI, J, LI, A. AN, J. XU, A Model for Web Services Composition Based on SQA and Providers Benefit, Proc. Int. Conf. on Wireless communications, networking and mobile computing, Beijing, China, (2009), pp.4562-4565. SIRIN,E.,B.PARSIA,D.WU,J.HENDLER,D. NAU, HTN Planning for Web Service Composition Using SHOP2, Web Semantics Vol.1, (2004), pp. 377-396. DAMBROGIO, A, A Model-driven WEB SERVICE DEFINITION LANGUAGE Extension for Describing the SQA of Web Services, Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. on Web Services, (2006), pp. 789 -796. LIANG, W.Y., C.C. HUANG, H.F. CHUANG, The Design With Object (DWO) Approach to Web Services Composition, Computer Standards Interfaces, Vol29, (2007), pp.54-68. FERCHICHI, S.E., K. LAABIDI, S. ZIDI Genetic Algorithm and Tabu Search for Feature Selection, Studies in Informatics and Control. 11.F.CURBERA., M. DUFTLER, R.KHALAF,W. NAGY, N. MUKHI, S. WEERAWARANA, unraveling web services, An introduction to SOAP, WEB SERVICE DEFINITION LANGUAGE and UDDI, IEEE Internet Computing , Vol.6 (2002), pp.86-93. 12. KOSHMAN.S, visual -based information Retrieval on the Web, Library and Information Science Research Vol.28 (2006), pp.192-207. 13.CHEN L.S, F.H HSU, M.C CHEN, Y.C HSU, Developing Recommender Systems with the Consideration of Product Profitability for Sellers, Information Sciences, Vol.178 (2008), pp.1032-1048. 14. CHEN Y, L.ZHOU, D.ZHANG, ontology-supported Web Service composition, An approach to service-oriented knowledge Management in Corporate Services , Database Management Vol.17 (2002), pp.67-84. 15.OSULLIVAN J, D.EDMOND, A.T HOFSTEDE, whats in a service? Disturbed and Parallel Databases Vol.12 (2002), pp.117-

Community Analysis Essay -- Community Identity

Imagination plays a crucial role in creating communities and its identity. Fiction, in this case will cover both absolute fabrications and biases in the discourse of history's narration. History can be malleable in the hands of narrators, which they use to unite their audience into a common interpretation of their history. Alicia Barber, The author of the essay, Local Places, National Spaces: Public Memory, Community Identity and Landscape at Scotts Bluff National Monument, talks about two community's disagreement on a tourist spot's proper use and maintenance. Barber analyzes the community's relations to the landmark and how it affects the discourse of history's narration, the malleability of public memory, and how it all connects with community identity. Michael Ignatieff wrote about a civil struggle between two groups who identify themselves very differently from each other. In his analysis, he mixed his personal account of the situation, explaining the role of narcissism in the discourse of history's narration. His essay, The Warrior's Honor: Ethic War and the Modern Conscience, describes a more radical conflict from fabricated major differences. These two authors describe two very different approach to their conflicts, but their discourse to the narration of their history are similar. Their fabrications and biased narrations stem from their egocentric imaginations that support their identity. Imagination's role in a community's identity enables its members to associate their history with their identity. Patriotism, backed up by history, strengtheners a community's bond together as a group. Barber explains in the statement below how a community's involvement in history plays a role in their narration of their history. â€Å"Wh... ...s about their 'imagined community' and 'imagined image' make up their identity. These differences would not exist without their narcissistic imaginations that inevitably form fictions from history. But, because of their refusal to recognize the other group's relational differences, major differences rise from their actions. Nationalism's depends on these imaginations; it uses the group's self-love to stake their claim in history, narrate it in their narcissistic discourse, and blind members from relational differences that would weaken their identity as a group. Works Cited Barber, Alicia. â€Å"Local Places, National Spaces: Public Memory, Community Identity, and Landscape at Scotts Bluff National Monument.† American Studies 45 (2004): 35-64. Ignatieff, Michael. The Warrior's Honor: Ethnic War and the Modern Conscience. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1997.

Romanticism and Delacroix

Eugene Dielectric's Contributions to Romanticism Ferdinand Victor Eugene Delicacies was a French artist, best known for his significant contributions to the Romantic Movement during the early sass. Throughout his career as an artist, Delicacies has produced over 9,000 art works. As such the thesis for this paper will focus on acknowledging Eugene Dielectric's influence and contributions to Romanticism. Delicacies was born in Charleston-SST. Maurice, near Paris on April 1798. His father, Charles Delicacies died in 1805, followed by his mother in 1814, leaving the 16-years- old Delicacies an orphan.Arguably, having lost both parent's at such an early age might have had an affect on his personal style. His themes were rather dark, creating a sense of supernatural mood. Moreover he did not present life as beautiful or pretty, but rather in a mysterious and sinister manner. In 1815, Delicacies attended the school of fine arts in Paris and began training with Pierre-Narcosis Gu ©rain in the neoclassical style. However, he became strongly influenced by the more rich and colorful style of earlier artists like Peter Paul Rueben and Paolo Everyone.Such a style emphasized more on color and movement rather Han clear outline and strict form, which later became known as the Romantic style. Although Delicacies has produced numerous extravagant works during this period of time, it was not until 1830 in which he came up with his best known and perhaps most influential work, ‘Liberty Leading the People'. Partly inspired by The ©adore G ©racialist's Raft of the Medusa, Liberty Leading the People was considered as Dielectric's significant step in his romantic work.The painting clearly confirms the differences between the romantic style of painting, which emphasized color and spirit, and the neoclassical style, which emphasized line and form. In addition, symbolically, Delicacies portrayed Liberty as both a depiction of goddess, and a normal yet strong and determined wo man of the people. This idea was rather new and was widely criticized at the time. Another point to acknowledge is that Delicacies chose a woman to represent liberty and freedom.This may be explained by the role of women at the time, whereby a woman is basically viewed as a piece of property to a man, they have no say or opinion in any matters. Therefore, since Liberty Leading the People was initially painted to commemorate the July Revolution in 1830, which peopled Charles X of France. The metaphor of a woman trying to break free from traditional norms reflects how the French people broke away and overthrew the monarchy. The painting has been regarded as a milestone in history, marking the end to the French Revolution and the Age of Enlightenment, and the beginning of the Romantic era.Later in 1832, Delicacies Journeyed to Spain and North Africa. The main purpose of his visit was not to study art, but to escape from the civilization of Paris, seeking a closer place to nature and in hope of seeing a different culture. During his travel, Delicacies became more interested in using animals as his subjects of painting (â€Å"Arab Horses Fighting in a Stable† and â€Å"The Lion Hunt†). Displaying the raw energy and power of these animals helped in the expression of Romanticism. Later in his life, Delicacies received many commissions from government in Paris.Some of his assignments included ; decorating the King's Chamber in Appall Bourbon, library of Chamber De Deputes, and the Chamber des Paris, as well as, the Chapel of Holy Sacrament at Saint-Denis. These assignments gave him the opportunity to follow n the footsteps of those artists he admired (Everyone, Tinderbox, and Rueben), by being able to paint on a very large scale. During this time, Delicacies was able to experiment with various surfaces and shapes: domes, ceilings, semi domes, pilasters, etc. Enabling him to further exercise his imagination. However, due to the hard work and a weakening h ealth condition, Delicacies became ill and eventually died in 1863, leaving a grand total of 9,149 works. In conclusion, it is undeniable the importance of the role that Eugene Delicacies had played in the Romantic Movement. Delicacies had the courage to challenge the norms f the neoclassical style and was able to enhance and perfect the Romantic style amidst the negative controversies from the old-school critics.Furthermore, his passion for the exotic and the unconventional, which led him venturing into places like Morocco, eventually became an inspiration for the Symbolist movement. All in all, Dielectric's untamed expression of energy, and movement in his works; coupled with his obsession with violent, destruction, and the tragedy of life; and his unique selection of vivid colors have made him one of the most fascinating and complex artistic figures in all of art's history.

Qualitative Research Critique Essay

â€Å"High rates of staff turnover in nursing homes is not a recent phenomenon. As far back as the mid-1970s studies have documented average turnover rates for registered nurses (RNs), licensed vocational nurses (LVNs) and certified nurse’s aides (CNAs) ranging between 55% and 75%† (Mor,V., Mukamel, D.B., & Spector,W. D. 2009, 1). Long term care facilities (LTC) have staffing issues related to the high turnover of licensed staff. The effect can have a heavy financial burden and also affect the care given to residents. Many ask the question why is it hard to attract and keep nurses at a long term facility. The International Journal of Nursing Studies conducted a qualitative study titled: â€Å"Making tradeoffs between reasons to leave and reasons to stay employed in long-term care homes: Perspectives of licensed nursing staff† (Boscart, V.M. Bowers, B., Brown, M., & McGilton, K. S. 2014, 917). This study focuses on how the nurses feel about where they work and wha t makes them want to leave or stay at a job. Problem Statement The high turnover of licensed staff in nursing homes, it not only effects the resident’s quality of care and the morale among staff members, and is also very costly to the facility. The purpose of the study was to understand what influences nursing staff to stay at a LTC facility. There have been studies conducted in the past but they were primarily done with nonlicensed staff or within the acute care setting. The goal of this study was to gain insight on how to retain nurses in LTC facilities. This study is significant as administrators in LTC facilities have a hard time attracting and retaining licensed nursing staff. When there is a high turnover of staff, it can affect the care of residents and morale of staff in a negative way, and is very costly. Purpose and Research Questions The purpose of the study was to understand what factors influence nurses to make a decision to stay at an LTC facility. The questions that the study  determined to answer was: what is the motivations that nurses have that cause them to stay at their present facility? Another question would be: what are the reasons or factors that would cause a nurse to terminate their employment? The purpose and questions related to the problem; the findings resulted in learning about what is important to nurses when they are making decisions to stay or terminate employment. The methods used in this study were stated as qualitative –descriptive. The sample size was 17 RN’s and 24 LPN’s which, for a qualitative study is sufficient. The participants were mostly female with an average age of 48 years. They interviewed staff from seven different LTC homes across Ontario, Canada. Prior to the study, permission was obtained from the Toronto Rehabilitation Institute Research Ethics Board, and also from the administrators of each facility. The researchers also obtained consents from staff who were interested in participating in the study, prior to setting up focus groups†¦ Each focus group was digitally recorded; confidentiality was assured and information was analyzed, coded, and reached a level of saturation. â€Å"The sample was sufficient to explore and develop analytic generalizations about working circumstances that influence the nurses’ intention to stay in LTC facilities† (Boscart, V. M., Bowers, B., Brown, M., & McGilton, K.S.2014). Literature Review The author used several qualitative resources that were cited throughout their article, and were dated from the year 2000-2012, which is relevant to this type of study. The author clearly states the gaps of the study were that no retention research had been completed in LTC settings. Limitations were listed as interviewing both LPN’s and RN’s together. This could have been a limitation for the LVN’s as they may have felt intimidated to discuss information with their supervisors present. Discussions about their intentions of leaving, or the factors they feel make the work environment less than desirable. The researchers tried to minimize that problem by having staff attend focus groups with others that they did not work directly with. Another limitation was possible bias, as the lead researcher was a nurse. All members of the research team reviewed the findings to minimize any potential bias (BoscartV. M., Bowers, B., Brown, M., & McGilton, K.S.2014). The study ga ve helpful insights to retaining staff, but the study  does not give any information about whether any of the facilities actually implemented any of the employees’ ideas. Conceptional/ Theoretical Framework The author did not identify a specific theory or perspective from which the study was developed. The theory that most relates to this study is the Herzberg’s two-factor theory.This theory examines the reasons employees are satisfied or dissatisfied with their jobs. â€Å"From this research, Herzberg suggested a two-step approach to understanding employee motivation and satisfaction: which were hygiene factors and motivator factors† (Riley, J., 2012, paragraph 1). This theory gives valuable information to employers on what is important for employee satisfaction and for retaining employees. Several themes resonated throughout the article, a few of the main ones were why the nurses were staying in LTC, which was because of the relationships they had with the residents and their coworkers. The framework that was developed from the studies indicated why nurses stay or leave a job. Some of the reasons listed for terminating a job were regulations in LTC that effect role flexibility, and not being able to exercise professional judgment. The lack of supportive leadership and personal commitments were also mentioned. Nurses listed reasons to stay as: relationships with the residents, their coworkers, and having opportunities to learn and be educated. Conclusion As evidenced in the study, there are many reasons for leaving or staying at a job. With high turnover there are many disadvantages for the facility as well as the resident and employees. The study indicated what was important to nurses for job satisfaction. With the shortage of nurses and the difficulty in retaining nurses in the LTC facilities, this information could be very crucial to those who hire nurses in these settings. For future studies it would be good to follow up and see if any of the facilities in the study implemented the information given by the staff. This study is important for nursing, as it gives nurses a chance to voice their concerns and give employers the opportunity to make changes. References Boscart. V. M., Bowers, B., Brown, M., & McGilton, K.S. (2014). Making tradeoffs between the reasons to leave and reasons to stay employed in long-term care homes: Perspectives of licensed nursing staff. International  Journal of Nursing Studies,51(6). 917-926.dpo:10/1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.10.015 Mor, V., Mukamel, D.B., & Spector, W. D. (2009). The costs of turnover in nursing homes. The Costs of Turnover in Nursing Homes. Retrieved from www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/†¦ National Center for Biotechnology Information Riley, J. (2012). Motivation Theory – Herzberg. From Motivation Theory – Herzberg – Tutor2u Retrieved from www.tutor2u.net/business/people/motivation_theory_herzberg.asp

Hopi Indians Essay

This ethnography will examine the way of life and the cultures and traditions of the Hopi Indians, with the primary intention of providing the reader with the information and facts that would be needed to develop a greater understanding this ethnic community, an understanding and comprehension of how another person lives, considered vital today. The Hopi Indians are an ethnic people, perhaps the descendants of the Aztecs of Mexico, and directly related to the Anasazi. This ethnic group of people lives in Northeast Arizona near the Black Mesa. These are peaceable and wise people, whose very name indicates ‘the peaceable people’. This research will examine these prejudices as well, and reach a conclusion. The misconceptions and prejudices that the author harbored before starting this research: This author was indeed a little apprehensive about choosing this group for this ethnography research, because the author had formed an opinion that these people would be completely uncivilized and perhaps unclean as well, even if he or she is well aware that these are plain prejudices and labeling exercises, brought on by years of ethnic ignorance and a lack of awareness of other peoples and their cultures. The research questions that were brought to the study at the outset: These are the questions that the author of this research brought to mind at the beginning of the ethnographic research: Who are the Hopis? What do they do? What is their culture and what are their traditions? Do they still follow these traditions, and how have they managed to survive as an ethnic group through these years, and does modern man understand them, or has modern man ever made a serious and concerted effort at understanding these people who have lived amongst the people of the rest of the world, earning their own living and managing to hold on to their age old customs and methods, including the way in which they make their jewelry, their pottery, and their agricultural methods? The Questions that enquire into the simplistic lifestyle of the Hopi Indians, and delve into a comparison of this traditional lifestyle with the newer more materialistic one of today: This author wished to ask these questions and seek answers to them through this ethnographic research on the Hopi Indians: How did the Hopis manage to survive a simplistic lifestyle such as theirs, despite the changes and diversification that took place around them? How can such a simplistic lifestyle be compared to the materialistic lifestyle of the people of today? Purpose of the Ethnography: In general, people have always been interested in this group of people, perhaps because of the numerous stories one may have heard over the years about the Aztecs and their heroic exploits. This research will perhaps provide one with answers to questions about the simple Hopi people who inhabit a part of Arizona and who follow their own culture and tradition, and who live life on their own terms, in spite of the fact that the world in which they live has been overtaken with several kinds of changes and is today truly global in every sense of the word. Why were the Hopi Indians chosen as the subject of the research: One can hope that through this research, one would be able to successfully overcome these misconceptions; pre conceived notions and prejudices and move on to become a productive and unbiased member of the increasingly globalized world of today. The uniqueness of the Hopi Indians, and its members: It was when the research on the Hopis was started that one could arrive at the realization that today there are twelve Hopi villages, each with its own village chief, who is an individual responsible for the welfare and well being of the people under him. The Hopi Indians within their villages have managed to maintain very well the balance required of them to keep up with the prevalent Euro-American culture, while at the same time never letting go of the cultures and traditions that form a part and parcel of their ethnic identity. (â€Å"Hopi Civilization† n. d) The Hopi Indians are known for their unique agricultural methods, making them some of the most well known ‘dry farmers’ of the world, even today. (â€Å"Hopi†) Discussion: At this point it is worth mentioning the interesting Hopi traditions that have fascinated man in general from the time he first started to know about them. For example, the Hopi Indians believe that man was not created, but was rather generated from the Earth, and that he emerged from the ‘sipapu’, or what is better known to us as the Grand Canyon. Although there may be certain prominent clan leaders, the number of supernatural subordinates is virtually unlimited, and these are known as ‘kachinas’. They possess supernatural powers, and in the Hopis believe in ensuring their luck by wearing amulets and charms. Although it is possible to understand their need for rituals to bring good luck, it is a unanimous opinion that it may indeed be difficult for the modern cultures of today to understand the need for superstitions and mystic religious ceremonies that the Hopis indulge in to ensure good health and luck in their daily activities. (â€Å"Hopi Indian Tribal History† 2009) For the Hopi Indians, the priest is often considered to be the ‘ideal manifestation of the balanced mentality†¦fairly typical of the Pueblo Indians (Hultkrantz, Ake) Religion plays a very important role in these so called ‘primitive’ peoples’ lives; perhaps they fear the deceased more than death in itself, and these people believed strongly in life after death. The Hopis also believe that when the body lies asleep, the soul wanders about to far away places, and perhaps even to the land of the dead, and death arrives when the wandering soul happens to be caught in the world of the dead. (Hultkrantz, Ake 1981) The Socio-Economic status of the Hopi Indians: It is indeed fascinating that the Hopi people earned their own money, prompting one to wonder what their value system for money was. This was the reason why a decision was made to ask them these questions: what, according to the Hopis, constituted ‘earning’, and how did they earn their money? It was possible to find out that the Hopis today are more modern than one could fairly expect them to be, and while some of them were Doctors, some were architects, some teachers, and some others were potters and jewelry makers. Traditionally, though, the Hopi Indians have developed a culture that is based on hunting and gathering, and later, horticulture. All the various aspects of their culture, including their religion, their social customs and tradition, and their occupations are interwoven with each other, and this in essence would describe the value these people have for money in general. In my opinion, since money is an integral part of their culture, the Hopis do not have any special attachment to money nor do they value it as the rest of the world may do, unless they have managed to transcend their boundaries and attain a different socio economic status, like for instance earning a degree in a university and going on to become a Doctor. (Dutton, Bertha, Pauline 1983) Most of Hopi life revolves around agriculture, and one could read this statement several times during this research: â€Å"The Hopi way of life is the corn: humility, cooperation, respect, and universal earth stewardship. † (â€Å"Hopi Traditional Knowledge†) Nevertheless, when one mentions the word ‘Hopi Indian’ one automatically visualizes the exquisite pottery and jewelry that these people are able to produce, and when one understands that these crafts have been carried down from on generation to the next, one cannot help but be amazed and astonished at the tenacity of the culture and tradition of these ethnic Indian people. (â€Å"Contemporary Hopi Arts and Crafts†) Research Methods: Primary Sources: In this section the author of this research will detail the interview questions that were used in gathering the data that were required for this project. This author was able to interview Mr. ABC (a member of the Hopi Indian community who is now a teacher and who is married to an American and who lives with his family in the center of town, but still keeps in touch with his family members of the Hopi community) 1. Could you describe the ancestry of the Hopi Indian community for me, please? 2. How did your people settle down in Northeast Arizona near the Black Mesa? Was there a reason, or did it simply happen? 3. Do you and your people still follow any of the old traditions in your community? How do you manage to uphold the traditions that form a part and parcel of your identity as an ethnic group? 4. Do you believe in the integration of the old and the new? How have the Hopi Indians managed to integrate the modern day customs with their older ones? Has this integration been successful at all? 5. Do you feel that other people do not and have never made any attempt to understand your traditions and your culture? Do you feel that it is important, especially in today’s environment for other people to gain an understanding into your traditions and your way of life? 6. What do the Hopi Indians feel about their socio economic status today? 7. What, in the opinion of Hopis, is the value of money? How do the Hopis earn money, and do they place any importance or value on earning more than the neighbor as the others do, or are they content with what they are able to earn doing their chosen jobs? In addition, these sites were referred to for extensive information and reference on the Hopi Indians: Hultkrantz, Ake â€Å"The Religions of the American Indians (1981) Google Book Search Retrieved April 18, 2009 from: This book was examined for firsthand information on the Hopi Indians and their lifestyles Dutton, Bertha, Pauline â€Å"American Indians of the Southwest† (1983) Google Book Search Retrieved April 18, 2009 from: < http://books. google. co. in/books? id=ju-zrFKL4SIC&pg=PA14&dq=hopi+pueblo+indians > This research was examined for firsthand information on the Hopi Indians and their lifestyles â€Å"Contemporary Hopi Arts and Crafts† The Hopi Cultural Preservation Office (1997) Retrieved April 18, 2009 from: < http://www. nau. edu/~hcpo-p/arts/index. html > This research was examined for information on the Hopi Indians and their crafts Hopi Traditional Knowledge† The Hopi Cultural Preservation Office (1997) Retrieved April 18, 2009 from: